Pistachio is a nutritious nut and a member of the cashew family that originated from central Asia and the middle east, and some countries are famous for exporting it. The genus Pistacia L. consists of 11 or more tree and shrub species belonging to the Anacardiaceae, family. Pistacia vera L. is the only commercially-important species within this genus with nuts large enough to be consumed. The center of diversity of P. vera is northern Iran, southern Turkmenistan and parts of Afghanistan. Botanically, pistachio fruits are semidry drupes composed of a fleshy excerpt and monocarp (pericarp or hull), and a hard endocarp (shell) containing the edible kernel. Pistachio is a wind pollinated dioecious tree with apetalous pistillate and staminate inflorescences on separate female and male trees. Currently pistachio cultivation is expanding in Iran, the USA, Turkey, Greece, Italy, Spain, China, Tunisia and many other countries

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